Reducing the environmental impact of the humanitarian sector is one of the key objectives of the WORM project. Throughout the project, we have identified bio-based materials (BBM) for more sustainable waste treatment and more environmentally responsible practices. However, despite their potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lower resource consumption, as well as their support for transitions to a circular economy, BBMs present a complex set of trade-offs and systemic challenges (e.g. concerns about food security and deforestation, competes with foods crops for and water).
To overcome these challenges, WORM has developed a quantitative tool called Causal Loop Diagrams, which are used to map relationships between system variables and understand dynamic behaviour. Essentially, the latter emphasises circular causality to provide a broader view of the interconnected nature of systems. This systems-thinking approach examines the broader system surrounding the use of BBM, and is used alongside Life Cycle Assessments and informed by stakeholder engagement.
How do you use the CLD?
In the WORM project, we used the CLD to determine causality of, for example:
- Technical performance and quality
- Negative land use change, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity
- Circularity and waste management of BBM
- Sustainable livelihoods for waste pickers related to BBM
- Environmental impacts of production and waste management related to BBM compared to fossil based materials
Key findings of the CLDs
- BBMs offer environmental benefits, such as reduced greenhouse gas emissions and lower fossil resource use.
- BBMs pose challenges, including competition with food crops, deforestation, reduced durability and hygiene performance, and potential disruption to waste management systems, particularly affecting informal waste pickers.
- Critical feedback loops exist across market dynamics, policy pressures, technical performance, environmental impacts and social outcomes.
To explore our CLD findings in more depth, read our full report on the subject!